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non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs)
Efavirenz
Efavirenz
Therapeutic action Antiretroviral, HIV-1 non nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor Indications HIV-1 infection, in combination with other antiretrovirals Forms and strengths 200 mg breakable tablet, 200 mg capsule and 600 mg tablet Dosage The daily dose is administered once daily at bedtime, on an empty stomach.
Child 3 years and over and adult: Weight Daily dose Tablets or capsules
10 to < 14 kg
200 mg
1 tab 200 mg
or 1 cap 200mg
14 to < 25 kg 300 mg 1 tab 200 mg + ½ tab 200 mg
25 to < 35 kg
400 mg
2 tab 200 mg
or 2 cap 200mg
≥ 35 kg
400 mg
or 600 mg
2 tab 200 mg
or 2 cap 200 mg
or 1 tab 600 mg
Duration Depending on the efficacy and tolerance of efavirenz. Contra-indications,adverse effects, precautions Do not administer to children under 3 years and to patients with severe hepatic impairment. Do not combine with amodiaquine (risk of hepatotoxicity). Administer with caution to patients with psychiatric disorders(or history of) or epilepsy. Administer with caution and monitor combination with:central nervous system depressants (opioids,benzodiazepines, phenobarbital, etc.), carbamazepine, phenytoin, oral anticoagulants; QT prolonging drugs (amiodarone, co-artemether, mefloquine, quinine, haloperidol, etc.). May cause:neuropsychiatric disorders:dizziness, headache, insomnia,drowsiness, abnormal dreaming,anxiety, aggressive behaviour, impaired concentration, seizures,depression, suicidal ideation; hepatotoxicity and gastrointestinal disturbances; skin reactions, possibly severe(Stevens-Johnson syndrome). Efavirenz reduces the efficacy of implants and oral contraceptives: use injectable medroxyprogesterone or an intrauterine device. Pregnancy : no contra-indicationRemarks Capsules can be opened and their content mixed into a spoon with a small amount of food. Also comes in fixed-dose combinations (tenofovir/emtricitabine/efavirenz or tenofovir/lamivudine/efavirenz). Preferably use these formulations when available. Storage – Below 25 °C